变更记录
| 序号 | 录入时间 | 录入人 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2015-03-12 | Alfred Jiang | - |
| 2 | 2015-12-22 | Alfred Jiang | - |
方案名称
数据加密 - RSA 加密(包含JAVA服务器端解密)
关键字
数据加密 \ 加密 \ 解密 \ RSA \ 非对称加密算法
需求场景
- 移动端与服务器敏感数据通讯加密需求
参考链接
详细内容
1. 使用openssl生成密匙对
gen_rsakey.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
echo "Generating RSA key pair ..."
echo "1024 RSA key: private_key.pem"
openssl genrsa -out private_key.pem 1024
echo "create certification require file: rsaCertReq.csr"
openssl req -new -key private_key.pem -out rsaCertReq.csr
echo "create certification using x509: rsaCert.crt"
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in rsaCertReq.csr -signkey private_key.pem -out rsaCert.crt
echo "create public_key.der For IOS"
openssl x509 -outform der -in rsaCert.crt -out public_key.der
echo "create private_key.p12 For IOS. Please remember your password. The password will be used in iOS."
openssl pkcs12 -export -out private_key.p12 -inkey private_key.pem -in rsaCert.crt
echo "create rsa_public_key.pem For Java"
openssl rsa -in private_key.pem -out rsa_public_key.pem -pubout
echo "create pkcs8_private_key.pem For Java"
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -in private_key.pem -out pkcs8_private_key.pem -nocrypt
echo "finished."
2. 导入工具类 RSAEncryptor
RSAEncryptor.h
//
// RSAEncryptor.h
// RSATestProjcet
//
// Created by Alfred Jiang on 3/12/15.
// Copyright (c) 2015 Alfred Jiang. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface RSAEncryptor : NSObject
#pragma mark - Instance Methods
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromFile: (NSString*) derFilePath;
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromData: (NSData*) derData;
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromFile: (NSString*) p12FilePath password:(NSString*)p12Password;
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromData: (NSData*) p12Data password:(NSString*)p12Password;
-(NSString*) rsaEncryptString:(NSString*)string;
-(NSData*) rsaEncryptData:(NSData*)data ;
-(NSString*) rsaDecryptString:(NSString*)string;
-(NSData*) rsaDecryptData:(NSData*)data;
-(BOOL) rsaSHA1VerifyData:(NSData *) plainData
withSignature:(NSData *) signature;
#pragma mark - Class Methods
+(void) setSharedInstance: (RSAEncryptor*)instance;
+(RSAEncryptor*) sharedInstance;
@end
RSAEncryptor.m
//
// RSAEncryptor.m
// RSATestProjcet
//
// Created by Alfred Jiang on 3/12/15.
// Copyright (c) 2015 Alfred Jiang. All rights reserved.
//
#import <Security/Security.h>
#import "RSAEncryptor.h"
#import "GTMBase64.h"
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto.h>
@implementation RSAEncryptor
{
SecKeyRef publicKey;
SecKeyRef privateKey;
}
-(void)dealloc
{
if (nil != publicKey) {
CFRelease(publicKey);
}
if (nil != privateKey) {
CFRelease(privateKey);
}
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPublicKey {
return publicKey;
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPrivateKey {
return privateKey;
}
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromFile: (NSString*) derFilePath
{
NSData *derData = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:derFilePath];
[self loadPublicKeyFromData: derData];
}
-(void) loadPublicKeyFromData: (NSData*) derData
{
publicKey = [self getPublicKeyRefrenceFromeData: derData];
}
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromFile: (NSString*) p12FilePath password:(NSString*)p12Password
{
NSData *p12Data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:p12FilePath];
[self loadPrivateKeyFromData: p12Data password:p12Password];
}
-(void) loadPrivateKeyFromData: (NSData*) p12Data password:(NSString*)p12Password
{
privateKey = [self getPrivateKeyRefrenceFromData: p12Data password: p12Password];
}
#pragma mark - Private Methods
-(SecKeyRef) getPublicKeyRefrenceFromeData: (NSData*)derData
{
SecCertificateRef myCertificate = SecCertificateCreateWithData(kCFAllocatorDefault, (__bridge CFDataRef)derData);
SecPolicyRef myPolicy = SecPolicyCreateBasicX509();
SecTrustRef myTrust;
OSStatus status = SecTrustCreateWithCertificates(myCertificate,myPolicy,&myTrust);
SecTrustResultType trustResult;
if (status == noErr) {
status = SecTrustEvaluate(myTrust, &trustResult);
}
SecKeyRef securityKey = SecTrustCopyPublicKey(myTrust);
CFRelease(myCertificate);
CFRelease(myPolicy);
CFRelease(myTrust);
return securityKey;
}
-(SecKeyRef) getPrivateKeyRefrenceFromData: (NSData*)p12Data password:(NSString*)password
{
SecKeyRef privateKeyRef = NULL;
NSMutableDictionary * options = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
[options setObject: password forKey:(__bridge id)kSecImportExportPassphrase];
CFArrayRef items = CFArrayCreate(NULL, 0, 0, NULL);
OSStatus securityError = SecPKCS12Import((__bridge CFDataRef) p12Data, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)options, &items);
if (securityError == noErr && CFArrayGetCount(items) > 0) {
CFDictionaryRef identityDict = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(items, 0);
SecIdentityRef identityApp = (SecIdentityRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(identityDict, kSecImportItemIdentity);
securityError = SecIdentityCopyPrivateKey(identityApp, &privateKeyRef);
if (securityError != noErr) {
privateKeyRef = NULL;
}
}
CFRelease(items);
return privateKeyRef;
}
#pragma mark - Encrypt
-(NSString*) rsaEncryptString:(NSString*)string {
NSData* data = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData* encryptedData = [self rsaEncryptData: data];
NSString* base64EncryptedString = [GTMBase64 stringByEncodingData:encryptedData];
// [encryptedData base64EncodedString];
return base64EncryptedString;
}
// 加密的大小受限于SecKeyEncrypt函数，SecKeyEncrypt要求明文和密钥的长度一致，如果要加密更长的内容，需要把内容按密钥长度分成多份，然后多次调用SecKeyEncrypt来实现
-(NSData*) rsaEncryptData:(NSData*)data {
SecKeyRef key = [self getPublicKey];
size_t cipherBufferSize = SecKeyGetBlockSize(key);
uint8_t *cipherBuffer = malloc(cipherBufferSize * sizeof(uint8_t));
size_t blockSize = cipherBufferSize - 11; // 分段加密
size_t blockCount = (size_t)ceil([data length] / (double)blockSize);
NSMutableData *encryptedData = [[NSMutableData alloc] init] ;
for (int i=0; i<blockCount; i++) {
int bufferSize = MIN(blockSize,[data length] - i * blockSize);
NSData *buffer = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(i * blockSize, bufferSize)];
OSStatus status = SecKeyEncrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1, (const uint8_t *)[buffer bytes], [buffer length], cipherBuffer, &cipherBufferSize);
if (status == noErr){
NSData *encryptedBytes = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)cipherBuffer length:cipherBufferSize];
[encryptedData appendData:encryptedBytes];
}else{
if (cipherBuffer) {
free(cipherBuffer);
}
return nil;
}
}
if (cipherBuffer){
free(cipherBuffer);
}
return encryptedData;
}
#pragma mark - Decrypt
-(NSString*) rsaDecryptString:(NSString*)string {
NSData* data = [[NSData alloc] initWithBase64EncodedString:string options:NSDataBase64DecodingIgnoreUnknownCharacters];
NSData* decryptData = [self rsaDecryptData: data];
NSString* result = [[NSString alloc] initWithData: decryptData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
return result;
}
-(NSData*) rsaDecryptData:(NSData*)data {
SecKeyRef key = [self getPrivateKey];
size_t cipherLen = [data length];
void *cipher = malloc(cipherLen);
[data getBytes:cipher length:cipherLen];
size_t plainLen = SecKeyGetBlockSize(key) - 12;
void *plain = malloc(plainLen);
OSStatus status = SecKeyDecrypt(key, kSecPaddingPKCS1, cipher, cipherLen, plain, &plainLen);
if (status != noErr) {
return nil;
}
NSData *decryptedData = [[NSData alloc] initWithBytes:(const void *)plain length:plainLen];
return decryptedData;
}
#pragma marke - verify file SHA1
-(BOOL) rsaSHA1VerifyData:(NSData *) plainData
withSignature:(NSData *) signature {
size_t signedHashBytesSize = SecKeyGetBlockSize([self getPublicKey]);
const void* signedHashBytes = [signature bytes];
size_t hashBytesSize = CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH;
uint8_t* hashBytes = malloc(hashBytesSize);
if (!CC_SHA1([plainData bytes], (CC_LONG)[plainData length], hashBytes)) {
return NO;
}
OSStatus status = SecKeyRawVerify(publicKey,
kSecPaddingPKCS1SHA1,
hashBytes,
hashBytesSize,
signedHashBytes,
signedHashBytesSize);
return status == errSecSuccess;
}
#pragma mark - Class Methods
static RSAEncryptor* sharedInstance = nil;
+(void) setSharedInstance: (RSAEncryptor*)instance
{
sharedInstance = instance;
}
+(RSAEncryptor*) sharedInstance
{
return sharedInstance;
}
@end
3. 使用 RSAEncryptor 进行RSA加密解密
RSAEncryptor *rsa = [[RSAEncryptor alloc] init];
NSLog(@"encryptor using rsa");
NSString *publicKeyPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"public_key" ofType:@"der"];
NSLog(@"public key: %@", publicKeyPath);
[rsa loadPublicKeyFromFile:publicKeyPath];
NSString *securityText = @"hello ~";
NSString *encryptedString = [rsa rsaEncryptString:securityText];
NSLog(@"encrypted data: %@", encryptedString);
NSLog(@"decryptor using rsa");
[rsa loadPrivateKeyFromFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"private_key" ofType:@"p12"] password:@"1234"];
NSString *decryptedString = [rsa rsaDecryptString:encryptedString];
NSLog(@"decrypted data: %@", decryptedString);
4. 在服务器端解码数据(Java)
生成的pkcs8 private key
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -in private_key.pem -out pkcs8_private_key.pem -nocrypt具体解码步骤 ``` 加载pkcs8 private key: 读取private key文件 去掉private key头尾的"-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----"和"-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----" 删除private key中的换行 对处理后的数据进行Base64解码 使用解码后的数据生成private key.
解密数据: 对数据进行Base64解码 使用RSA decrypt数据.
3. 实现代码
```objective-c
import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;
import static java.lang.String.format;
public class Encryptor {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
PrivateKey privateKey = readPrivateKey();
String message = "AFppaFPTbmboMZD55cjCfrVaWUW7+hZkaq16Od+6fP0lwz/yC+Rshb/8cf5BpBlUao2EunchnzeKxzpiPqtCcCITKvk6HcFKZS0sN9wOhlQFYT+I4f/CZITwBVAJaldZ7mkyOiuvM+raXMwrS+7MLKgYXkd5cFPxEsTxpMSa5Nk=";
System.out.println(format("- decrypt rsa encrypted base64 message: %s", message));
// hello ~, encrypted and encoded with Base64:
byte[] data = encryptedData(message);
String text = decrypt(privateKey, data);
System.out.println(text);
}
private static String decrypt(PrivateKey privateKey, byte[] data) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException, InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(data);
return new String(decryptedData);
}
private static byte[] encryptedData(String base64Text) {
return Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64Text.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
}
private static PrivateKey readPrivateKey() throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
byte[] privateKeyData = Files.readAllBytes(
Paths.get("/Users/twer/macspace/ios_workshop/Security/SecurityLogin/tools/pkcs8_private_key.pem"));
byte[] decodedKeyData = Base64.getDecoder()
.decode(new String(privateKeyData)
.replaceAll("-----\\w+ PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
.replace("\n", "")
.getBytes());
return KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decodedKeyData));
}
}
效果图
（无）
备注
RSA使用"秘匙对"对数据进行加密解密.在加密解密数据前,需要先生成公钥(public key)和私钥(private key).
公钥(public key): 用于加密数据. 用于公开, 一般存放在数据提供方, 例如iOS客户端.
私钥(private key): 用于解密数据. 必须保密, 私钥泄露会造成安全问题.