变更记录

序号 录入时间 录入人 备注
1 2015-03-04 Alfred Jiang -
2 2015-12-22 Alfred Jiang -

方案名称

动画 - Core Animation 之 CABaseAnimation

关键字

动画 \ Core Animation \ CALayer \ CAAnimation \ CAPropertyAnimation \ CABaseAnimation \ CAKeyframeAnimation \ CATransition \ CAAnimationGroup

需求场景

  1. 使用 Core Animation 实现动画需求

参考链接

  1. CSDN - CABasicAnimation的基本使用方法（移动·旋转·放大·缩小）
  2. 博客园 - CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath 一些规定的值
  3. 简书 - 干货系列之手把手教你使用Core animation 做动画 (推荐)
  4. 《核心动画编程指南》

详细内容

1.继承关系
@interface CAAnimation : NSObject <NSCoding, NSCopying, CAMediaTiming, CAAction>

@interface CAPropertyAnimation : CAAnimation

@interface CABasicAnimation : CAPropertyAnimation

@interface CAKeyframeAnimation : CAPropertyAnimation

@interface CATransition : CAAnimation

@interface CAAnimationGroup : CAAnimation
2.使用说明
1. 定义一个 CABasicAnimation
// 指定position属性
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
2. 设定动画属性
属性 说明
duration 动画时长（秒为单位）
repeatCount 重复次数。永久重复的话设置为HUGE_VALF
beginTime 指定动画开始时间。从开始指定延迟几秒执行的话，请设置为「CACurrentMediaTime() + 秒数」的形式
timingFunction 设定动画的速度变化
autoreverses 动画结束时是否执行逆动画 
animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间
animation.repeatCount = 1; // 不重复
animation.beginTime = CACurrentMediaTime() + 2; // 2秒后执行
animation.autoreverses = YES; // 结束后执行逆动画

// 动画先加速后减速
animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName: kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
3. 设定动画的开始帧和结束帧

设定动画开始和结束帧时的状态。设定的值会变为 KeyPath 所指定的属性的值。

属性 说明
fromValue 开始值
toValue 终了值（絶対値）
byValue 终了值（相对值） 
// 指定position属性（移动）
CABasicAnimation *animation =
    [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];

・・・

// 设定动画起始帧和结束帧
animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(0, 0)]; // 起始点
animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了点
4. 添加动画
[myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
5. 动画结束恢复初始状态（可选）
// 动画终了后不返回初始状态
animation.removedOnCompletion = NO;
animation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
2.使用举例
1. 移动动画
/* 移动 */
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];

// 动画选项的设定
animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间
animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数

// 起始帧和终了帧的设定
animation.fromValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:myView.layer.position]; // 起始帧
animation.toValue = [NSValue valueWithCGPoint:CGPointMake(320, 480)]; // 终了帧

// 添加动画
[myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];
2. 旋转动画
/* 旋转 */

// 对Y轴进行旋转（指定Z轴的话，就和UIView的动画一样绕中心旋转）
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.y"];

// 设定动画选项
animation.duration = 2.5; // 持续时间
animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数

// 设定旋转角度
animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 起始角度
animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:2 * M_PI]; // 终止角度

// 添加动画
[myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"rotate-layer"];
3. 缩放动画
/* 放大缩小 */

// 设定为缩放
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];

// 动画选项设定
animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画持续时间
animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数
animation.autoreverses = YES; // 动画结束时执行逆动画

// 缩放倍数
animation.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0]; // 开始时的倍率
animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:2.0]; // 结束时的倍率

// 添加动画
[myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"scale-layer"];
4. 组合动画
/* 动画1（在X轴方向移动） */
CABasicAnimation *animation1 =
    [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];

// 终点设定
animation1.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:80];; // 終点


/* 动画2（绕Z轴中心旋转） */
CABasicAnimation *animation2 =
    [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.rotation.z"];

// 设定旋转角度
animation2.fromValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0]; // 开始时的角度
animation2.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:4 * M_PI]; // 结束时的角度


/* 动画组 */
CAAnimationGroup *group = [CAAnimationGroup animation];

// 动画选项设定
group.duration = 3.0;
group.repeatCount = 1;

// 添加动画
group.animations = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:animation1, animation2, nil];
[myView.layer addAnimation:group forKey:@"move-rotate-layer"];
5. 捕获动画开始时和终了时的事件
/* 移动 */
CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
animation.delegate = self; // 指定委托对象

// 设定动画选项
animation.duration = 2.5; // 动画时长
animation.repeatCount = 1; // 重复次数

// 终点设定
animation.toValue = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:100];; // 终点

// 添加动画
[myView.layer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"move-layer"];

・・・

/**
 * 动画开始时
 */
- (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation
{
    NSLog(@"begin");
}

/**
 * 动画结束时
 */
- (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)theAnimation finished:(BOOL)flag
{
    NSLog(@"end");
}
6. 几个可以用来实现热门APP应用PATH中menu效果的几个方法
+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityForever_Animation:(float)time ／／永久闪烁的动画
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.0];
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.repeatCount=FLT_MAX;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)opacityTimes_Animation:(float)repeatTimes durTimes:(float)time; ／／有闪烁次数的动画
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"opacity"];
    animation.fromValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:1.0];
    animation.toValue=[NSNumber numberWithFloat:0.4];
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
    return  animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)moveX:(float)time X:(NSNumber *)x ／／横向移动
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.x"];
    animation.toValue=x;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)moveY:(float)time Y:(NSNumber *)y ／／纵向移动
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation.y"];
    animation.toValue=y;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)scale:(NSNumber *)Multiple
                     orgin:(NSNumber *)orginMultiple
                  durTimes:(float)time
                       Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／缩放
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.scale"];
    animation.fromValue=orginMultiple;
    animation.toValue=Multiple;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.autoreverses=YES;
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CAAnimationGroup *)groupAnimation:(NSArray *)animationAry
                           durTimes:(float)time
                                Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／组合动画
{
    CAAnimationGroup *animation=[CAAnimationGroup animation];
    animation.animations=animationAry;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CAKeyframeAnimation *)keyframeAniamtion:(CGMutablePathRef)path
                                 durTimes:(float)time
                                      Rep:(float)repeatTimes ／／路径动画
{
    CAKeyframeAnimation *animation=[CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"];
    animation.path=path;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    animation.timingFunction=[CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];
    animation.autoreverses=NO;
    animation.duration=time;
    animation.repeatCount=repeatTimes;
    return animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)movepoint:(CGPoint )point ／／点移动
{
    CABasicAnimation *animation=[CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform.translation"];
    animation.toValue=[NSValue valueWithCGPoint:point];
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    return animation;
}

+(CABasicAnimation *)rotation:(float)dur
                       degree:(float)degree
                    direction:(int)direction
                  repeatCount:(int)repeatCount ／／旋转
{
    CATransform3D rotationTransform  = CATransform3DMakeRotation(degree, 0, 0,direction);
    CABasicAnimation* animation;
    animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"transform"];
    animation.toValue= [NSValue valueWithCATransform3D:rotationTransform];
    animation.duration= dur;
    animation.autoreverses= NO;
    animation.cumulative= YES;
    animation.removedOnCompletion=NO;
    animation.fillMode=kCAFillModeForwards;
    animation.repeatCount= repeatCount;
    animation.delegate= self;
    return animation;
}

效果图

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